Humphrey's Executor rested on the fiction that the FTC exercised no executive power — a fiction that was strained in 1935 and untenable today. The modern Commission promulgates rules carrying the force of law, prosecutes Americans through in-house adjudications, and sues on behalf of the United States under more than eighty statutes. That is the execution of law, and those who wield it must be accountable to the elected Chief Executive.